Understanding Chronic Renal Failure in Cats
Kidney disease, especially chronic renal failure (CRF), is common in older cats. It can appear in cats as young as 4 years, but it's more frequent in older ones. A clear symptom is that your cat drinks and urinates more than usual. This is often the first sign you’ll notice.
Diagnosing CRF
To diagnose CRF, laboratory tests are essential. A blood test alone isn’t enough; a urinalysis is also needed. If your cat is "azotemic" (meaning increased compounds like blood urea nitrogen and/or creatinine in the blood) and has low urine concentration, kidney problems could be present.
Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels can be high if your cat is dehydrated, eats a lot of dry food, or is under stress. When the kidneys can't concentrate the urine, small increases in these levels usually aren't alarming.
Causes of CRF
Recent studies suggest a link between feline distemper vaccinations and kidney inflammation. Avoid annual boosters for distemper unless necessary, especially if your cat has kidney issues.
- A diet of only dry food might also lead to CRF since it causes chronic dehydration over time.
- Chronic bladder disease can be another factor.
Treatment Options
CRF cannot be reversed, whether by conventional or alternative medicine. Functional kidney tissue is replaced by scar tissue, which limits kidney function. This can lead to toxin buildup in the blood and anemia, causing weight loss and weakness.
Drugs can minimize these issues, and phosphate binders can prevent further kidney damage. However, these are helpful only if your cat is on a restricted protein/low phosphorus diet.
Diet and Nutrition
The idea of restricting protein for cats with kidney failure is controversial. While protein restriction is standard, it's not proven to prevent kidney failure in healthy cats or worsen it in those with renal disease. The real issue is phosphorus: reducing it may help your cat feel better.
Here’s what you can do:
- Feed your cat what it will eat to maintain weight and health.
- Canned or homemade food is better than dry food for hydration.
If your cat won't eat homemade food or has never eaten it before, this isn't a good time to start.
Supplements
Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants are beneficial. A supplement called "Renafood" can help maximize kidney function. Mix these into your cat's food if needed.
Supplemental Fluids
Veterinarians can provide subcutaneous fluids, the most beneficial treatment for CRF. These help flush toxins from your cat's blood, making them feel better. In severe cases, intravenous fluid therapy in a clinic might be required.
Holistic and Emotional Support
Holistic treatments, such as homeopathy and acupuncture, can make your cat feel better. Losing a cat to CRF is tough, and emotional support is available to help you cope.
For more information on managing CRF or finding support, check resources like the Feline CRF pet loss support page.